What Is a Chemical Symbol Definition and Examples

Element names and other words in chemistry may be long and cumbersome to use. For this reason, IUPAC chemical symbols and other shorthand notation are commonly used. Chemical Symbol Definition A chemical symbol is a notation of one or two letters representing a chemical element. The exceptions to the one- to two-letter symbol are the temporary element symbols assigned to designate new or to-be-synthesized elements. Temporary element symbols are three letters that are based on the elements atomic number. Also Known As: element symbol Examples of Element Symbols Certain rules apply to element symbols. The first letter is always capitalized, while the second (and third, for unverified elements) is lowercase. H is the chemical symbol for hydrogen.C is the chemical symbol for carbon.Si is the chemical symbol for silicon.Uno was the element symbol for hassium. Uno stands for unniloctium or element 108. Chemical symbols are found on the periodic table and are used when writing chemical formulas and equations. Other Chemical Symbols While the term chemical symbol usually refers to an element symbol, there are other symbols used in chemistry. For example, EtOH is a symbol for ethyl alcohol, Me indicates a methyl group, and Ala is the symbol for the amino acid alanine. Pictographs are often used to represent specific hazards in chemistry as another form of chemical symbol. For example, a circle with fire above it indicates an oxidizer. Sources Fontani, Marco; Costa, Mariagrazia; Orna, Mary Virginia (2014). The Lost Elements: The Periodic Tables Shadow Side. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199383344.Leal, Joà £o P. (2013). The Forgotten Names of Chemical Elements. Foundations of Science. 19: 175–183. doi:10.1007/s10699-013-9326-y

Mcquails Communications Theory - 2103 Words

In the theoretical field of communication studies, the works are often heavily influenced and led by Western-oriented perspectives. In this essay, we shall explore the various media texts in Singapore and analyze the extent to which it relates to McQuail’s communication theory. Comparing the influence of mass media to the early century, McQuail D. (2002) associates the first concept of communication to the ‘teachings’ and guidance towards the masses through propaganda. This transmission perception is communication at its simplest level. In this model, the major concern is to dispatch the message regardless of the receiver having reached an understanding with the source and hence omitting feedback. For example, it is evident in the†¦show more content†¦Taking the previous example of Wendy’s blog, her entries often do not fall into the good tastes of the public. As mentioned, her weblog usually covers controversial issues such as weak women, phone sex and racist topics. Recently, she was once again featured on a local newspaper for her alleged defamation of another local blogger. The feud reached a boiling point when Wendy accused her of undergoing plastic surgery and as a result, she was threatened with a lawsuit (Yong, D., 2008) . This illustrates the key point of the display model as even though she may not hold the best reputation in the eyes of the public, she have achieve her main purpose of attracting potential readers to her blog. In this case, she was given a free publicity pass â€Å"at no cost†. Although it is notable that audience is sensitive to the quality of media content, in particular, the upholding of certain norms and values present in the local community such as morality and sensitivity, it is in human nature to give in to curiosity (McQuail D., 1997). Finally, we have arrived at the last concept of McQuail’s communication theory, the reception model. This concept places a strong emphasis on the role of the receiver, and thus the readers, in the interpretation of media texts (McQuail D., 1997). It is slightly more critical than the previous models as it permits the audience with the power to resist andShow MoreRelatedMcquails Communications Theory2095 Words   |  9 Pagesfield of communication studies, the works are often heavily influenced and led by Western-oriented perspectives. In this essay, we shall explore the various media texts in Singapore and analyze the extent to which it relates to McQuail’s communication theory. Comparing the influence of mass media to the early century, McQuail D. (2002) associates the first concept of communication to the ‘teachings’ and guidance towards the masses through propaganda. This transmission perception is communication at itsRead MoreAn Analysis of How Mass Media Affects the Youth950 Words   |  4 Pagespoint made use of the different forms of the media. They have used the media to promote what people should wear, eat, do and even value. The effects of media will vary with a child’s age and stage of development. (McQuail, D., 2008. McQuail’s Mass Communication Theory. 5th ed. London: SAGE Publications Ltd) Another positive side of mass media is that it keep the people updated with the happenings in the world, the internet brings so much knowledge at our disposal, television entertains us, thereRead MoreCommunication Models1962 Words   |  8 PagesThe purpose of this essay is to discuss Denis McQuail’s four concepts of communication in contemporary Western culture. It will be discussed in this essay how each media form exhibits a communication model and to what extent that it does so. It will also be discussed whether each of these models are independent or correlated. For each communication model, a different media form will be used to explain how it is being manifested. Television broadcasting will be used to explain the transmission modelRead MoreModern Bollywood, A Decade Old: Bollywood and the Colonial Censorship3158 Words   |  13 Pageson Hindi Cinema. Applying the key features from Dennis McQuail’s â€Å"Normative Theory†, the relationship between Bolly wood and the audience, controlled by the censorship board will be explained; and how both, the Bollywood industry and Censor Board are responsible for bringing changes to each other in the terms of rules, regulations, audience’s attitudes and their demands, in every period of time. According to McQuail (2010), a normative theory is adopted to clear the confusion prevailing in the informationRead MoreUniversal Studios Distribution of Despicable Me 2 Essay examples752 Words   |  4 PagesMass Communication in the Marketplace: Despicable Me 2 Despicable Me 2, an animated film distributed by Universal Studios and Illumination Entertainment in July of 2013 grossed $970,065,385 world-wide (BoxOffice, 2014). The film was a success for its distributors and was nominated for an Academy Award in 2014 for Best Animated Feature Film. Chris Meledandri, who is the president and CEO of Illumination Entertainment, has an exclusive working agreement with Universal Studios and does the productionRead MoreAnalysis on Digital Media Participation: How Fans Interact Online719 Words   |  3 Pagesworldwide. This documentary film aims to change the perspective people have on fans that they are cheap, desperate, and low class. With this interactivity and digitalization come a new form of community that sprouted from the computer-mediated communication (CMC) (McQuail 150-51), the virtual community. According to McQuail, this virtual community â€Å"can be formed by any number of individuals by way of the Internet at their own choice† (150) and â€Å"usually based on some common interest† (150). Fan clubsRead MoreMedia Bias on Women’s Issues700 Words   |  3 Pagescritical to their wellbeing. Works Cited Hollar, J. (2004). Muting the women’s march: Media lose focus when women protest in Washington. Retrieved from fair.org/extra-online-articles/muting-the-womens-march/ McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail’s mass communication theory (6th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publishing, Inc. O’Neill, T. (2013). Sexist, racist attitudes entrenched in society erode women’s dignity, humanity and safety. Retrieved from now.org/issues/media/031413sexistracistculture.html SchnallRead MoreEssay on Effects of Mass Media on Society1650 Words   |  7 Pagescomplex system ‘in which individuals were socially isolated.’ (DeFleur Ball-Rokeach, 1989, p.159) Therefore, individuals are vulnerable to the influence of mass media. In the first decade of 20th century, ‘public was alarmed about new forms of communication such as daily newspapers, moving pictures and radio broadcasts.’ (DeFleur Ball-Rokeach, 1989, p.147) Nowadays, the dispute of media effect has never stopped. Many people believe that the media have influence upon people’s social life. ObviouslyRead MoreMedia Studies1668 Words   |  7 Pagestheorists see the role of the mass media as a means of maintaining the existing state of affairs, while the liberal pluralists see the role of the mass media as a means to promote the freedom of speech. The following essay will look more closely into the theories of these two schools with regards to how they see the role of the media in society, and offer some examples related to media in South Africa and globally. According to the Marxist approach, capitalist society is seen as one of class authority;Read MoreGlobal Media1711 Words   |  7 Pagesglobalisation is highly controversial and needs to be analysed in depth. In history, three theories have been used by scholars to look at globalisation and its effect. The modernisation theory and cultural dependency theory analysed the positive and negative influences of homogenisation as a result of globalisation. Heterogenisation, as the opposite side of homogenisation, is emphasised in the cultural pluralism theory as the other significant influence of globalisation. Therefore, this essay will aim to

E-commerce at Woolworths

Question: Discuss about theE-commerce at Woolworths. Answer: Introduction E-commerce by definition is the process of conducting commercial transactions over the internet. In simpler terms it is trading on the internet. E-commerce has seen significant growth since the internet helped business reach a new sense of globalization (Andam 2014). Almost all companies today buy and sell products off the internet and have a wide customer base. Woolworths is one such company that had made an excellent stand in the world of e-commerce. The below report is an analysis of various e-commerce applications and strategies used by the company to grow in the online market. About the Company Established in 1924, Woolworths is one of the oldest and the largest chain of supermarkets that operate in Australia and New Zealand. The company supplies food product, liquor and other general merchandise and have an operative e-commerce website for their daily trade operations. According to the financial reports of the company, the company has made AU$ 1.2 billion sales in the year 2014 alone which is clearly an indication of the size of their business, the customer base and the efficiency of their e-commerce strategy. E-Business Applications The company has made tremendous effort to ease the use of their e-commerce platform. The website and the mobile application have been revamped at several stages to enhance customer experience. To have a store like feel, the platforms are filled with images aiding visual search capabilities and have an enhanced search functionality to find appropriate products within seconds. The categories of each product are clearly defined and easy to navigate. Since the customers generally look for product information, price information first and then ways to compare these products. The company provides clear images of the products and presents the price during the selection of the product making this an easy task. The website also provides the facilities to create lists so the customer may not pick items every single time but can rather order things of the pre stored list making purchase time and search time significantly low. Document Automation The company makes use of a document automation system. This system on adding products to the cart, automatically creates a sales order. This order is sent to the store to pick the products and based on the availability of products a delivery note is generated. Based out of the same the invoice is sent over to the customer and payments are adjusted. Payment Systems The company makes use of the EDI technology for payment transfers. The website is connected to the banks via an Electronic Data Interchange. Wowlink is the interface on the side of the company and is a business to business EDI gateway provided by accredited third party Value Added Network Providers (VANS) (Rodriguez, 2014). Payments are made via payment gateways for credit and debit card payments, where encrypted card data is used to a payment processor that is used by the companys bank (Kou, 2013). This is then forwarded to the issuing bank to check for available amounts. Once the amount is authorized the payment is received by the acquiring bank making the entire process simple and quick. The company also provides a wallet facility. GS1 Net GS1 net provides the facility to identify trade items uniquely in a supply chain. These numbers are integrated with data carriers that facilitate the e-commerce process and product synchronization (power, 2015). The technology is used to store product data in a central pool and would maintain, validate and update this data to provide accurate inputs to all the customers. It enables customers to choose products and submit request for purchase and also provides information in regard to the status of the request, thereby eradicating several manual forms. Member Portal The member portal of Woolworths uses applications developed by Elcom. The technology is used to validate the membership number with the database of the company to authenticate user to access the portal. The partner organizations are setup as groups for simpler and controlled access. Email marketing is done to these members by automating the email system that send out promotional details to all the registered members. Strategies Every company develops efficient strategies to enhance the functioning of each of its department. Some of the strategies used by Woolworths are mentioned below Marketing Strategy The company is currently exploring several social media sites making them an efficient marketing venue. The company has commendable presence on Instagram, Facebook and twitter. Sales and promotions are announced time to time on social media attracting customers of all ages (Mata, 2014). The company has a loyalty program in place that gives back to the customer. Loyalty programs work as a strong marketing strategy when commendable rewards are provided to the consumers. The company also sends out regular emails to keep the customers updated with the new products and promotions available. The company provides recipe based ingredients list making it easier to the customer to locate products. The company is here by promoting the regularly used products by the customers (Boone, 2013). The company also highlights the products that are on sale helping the customer choose these products and the visuals are very big and the price is highlighted. The company also tags products as special to emp hasize products that are different or rarely available. Supply Chain Strategy Woolworths has being in the market close to a century now and hence have a superior supply chain in place already. The company has recently migrated to Trade Stones Merchandise Lifecycle Management platform to enhance their supply chain creating an efficient system from the suppliers to the customers (PYMNTS, 2015). This system includes the both orders and supplies, B2B activities and related services. The business documents of the company are handled by SPS commerce who ensure that all the e-commerce documents generated comply with the business standards (SAS Commerce, 2016). They handle a hundred thousand documents a month. The company in collaboration with SPS commerce ensure that the data sent around to the various partners in the supply chain and accurate and efficient. Woolworths also implements SAP technology to handle delivery, inventory and warehousing of the company. SAP provides a grid system for inventory management and has the ability to integrate with other systems that use a different technology to pick order details and keep take of the same. Security Strategy Almost all the e-commerce website implement several strategies to ensure safe data transfer. Some of the key technologies used are Secure Socket Locket that provides integrity and non-reputability, Secure Hyper Text Transfer protocol that comes with a public encryption key, digital signatures and authentication. Secure electronic transactions are used for the purpose of wallet software. The payment gateway technology itself comes with built in security to ensure that the payment details are not corrupted or leaked. A highly efficient data encryption code is used to ensure that the details are secured and can be accessed only by the authorized parties. Electronic Data Interchange is also done through a predefined encryption set. Recommendations Below are some of the recommendations that can help Woolworths provide a superior customer experience. The website has a high responsive time when compared to other online sites. This need to be enhanced by decreasing the size of the content and using faster servers (Strauss, 2016). The images are used to provide a customer like experience however, they make the initial page clumsy. Smaller and clear images need to be used in the first page at least (Mohapatra, 2013). Instagram is a highly populated application with a lot of potential customers. Advertising through the new marketing feature developed by Instagram can help Woolworths sustain customers The company can study the buying patterns of the customer and send out a customized grocery list to the customer in the month to let the customer know that they are being valued and making purchasing an easy task (Sila. 2013). Products that are identified as profitable but are not easily purchased can be put up in a recommendations section under the regularly purchased products to gain more visibility (Yin, 2014) References Andam, Z.R., 2014. e-Commerce and e-Business. Boone, L.E. and Kurtz, D.L., 2013. Contemporary marketing. Cengage learning. Kou, W. ed., 2013. Payment technologies for e-commerce. Springer Science Business Media. Mata, F.J. and Quesada, A., 2014. Web 2.0, social networks and e-commerce as marketing tools. Journal of theoretical and applied electronic commerce research, 9(1), pp.56-69. Mohapatra, S., 2013. E-commerce Strategy. In E-Commerce Strategy (pp. 155-171). Springer US. Power, D. and Gruner, R.L., 2015. Exploring reduced global standards-based inter-organisational information technology adoption. International Journal of Operations Production Management, 35(11), pp.1488-1511. PYMNTS., 2015, Australias Woolworths chooses supply chain management platform. Available at: https://www.pymnts.com/news/b2b-payments/2015/australias-woolworths-choose-supply-chain-management-platform/ (Accessed: 9 September 2016). Rodriguez, H., Smith, N.J. and Spinac, C.J., Toshiba Global Commerce Solutions Holding Corporation, 2014. E-check and e-commerce. U.S. Patent 8,645,241. SAS Commerce.,2016, Case study: Woolworths limited | SPS commerce Australia. Available at: https://spscommerce.com.au/resources/case-studies/case-study-woolworths-limited-australia/ (Accessed: 9 September 2016). Sila, I., 2013. Factors affecting the adoption of B2B e-commerce technologies. Electronic Commerce Research, 13(2), pp.199-236. Strauss, J., 2016. E-marketing. Routledge. Yin, M. and Liu, S., 2014. Comparative Study of Traditional Network Marketing and E-Commerce Marketing Based on Cloud Computing. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 2014.