Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Showcasing - Essay Example Market division was presented in 1956 by Wendell Smith, and from that point forward it has, more than some other showcasing idea, been the subject of insightful conversation and request (Quinn, 2009). His fundamental contention lay as in products will have the option to understand their greatest potential utility if the distinctions among showcase sections were perceived and taken into account, instead of if merchandise were delivered aimlessly for the mass market (Foedermayr and Diamantopoulos, 2008). The intelligence in division is that it helps in making a homogeneous gathering out of a heterogeneous market, for which an increasingly viable promoting blend might be structured. This improves the allure of the firm and its items to the objective section, by permitting the organization to all the more capably meet the customers’ saw needs. Moreover, the division practice embraced by the organization during the time spent planning better empowers the organization to all the mor e explicitly decide and comprehend client needs, and the measures by which such needs might be portioned. A closer match could in this manner be made between the item structure, the showcasing approach, and the necessities of the clients (McDonald and Dunbar, 2007). Market division is thought about as a profoundly helpful â€Å"sense-making† instrument, frequently to impart to the focused on advertise in the best way (Quinn, 2009, p. 253). In any case, how much it is valuable as an apparatus for making explicit key plans is the subject of current discussion. A notable analysis against dependence on division as an idea developed during the 1990s. Around then it got evident to certain researchers that customer ways of life keep on becoming progressively divided. Therefore, advertise division seems to turn out to be increasingly more ineffectual as a legitimate strategy for characterizing the market of a firm (Quinn, 2009; Charles, 2002; Holt, 1997). The possibility of â€Å"li festyle† has been utilized to characterize advertise portions, however increasingly more the idea has gotten obscure and questionable. Practically speaking, it has gotten hard to characterize in detail all clients served by a firm or industry, and progressively the way to deal with division is to distinguish the measures generally imperative to that business and partition the clients into bunches as per those classifications that are generally reasonable (Quinn, 2009, p. 255). The varieties in ways of life and the wide assortment of separated items have made not a couple of general homogeneous markets; actually, and for certain enterprises specifically, customization of item and administration structures have become the norm. For example, in addressable and intelligent correspondences are profiled against individualized client examination and penchant displaying; these help with deciding the probability that particular recommendations will be acknowledged (Bailey, Baines, Wils on and Clark, 2009). 2. What are the diverse division forms for both B2C and B2B? To comprehend the various methodologies concerning B2C and B2B markets, it is important to characterize the terms. B2C is short for business-to-client; that is, the business that provisions the item, regardless of whether great or administration, is focusing on the end client or individual customer. Then again, B2B alludes

International Foundation Programmer free essay sample

Have you previously applied for the International Foundation Programmer? On the off chance that truly, what is your Student Number (If no, you should present your application with this structure to be qualified) What is your picked Foundation subject? What is your picked undergrad subject? Grant Application Supporting Statements Scholarships will be granted based on both scholastic execution TTT date and scholastic potential, just as a competitors potential commitment society. There is a desire that grant holders will utilize their Cardiff University capability to make a future commitment to society, the cover the scholarly community or research. The selectors will along these lines give exceptional consideration to the data that you give beneath comparable to these zones. Word check: 800 words most extreme (around 150 words for every segment). If it's not too much trouble connect a different sheet if vital. 1 . Kindly state why you accept tattoo ought to be considered for the Card University International Scholarship. . If it's not too much trouble exhibit any prominent scholarly achievement or other huge individual accomplishments. We will compose a custom exposition test on Global Foundation Programmer or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page 3. It would be ideal if you diagram how this grant will partner later on. 4. If it's not too much trouble show your consciousness of the commitment that you can make to the improvement of your locale, society or country because of acquiring your Cardiff University capability. 5. If it's not too much trouble plot how you would speak to Cardiff college in your future instruction or vocation. Subsidizing of your Studies please demonstrate how you intend to support the rest of your investigations or living expenses*: Self Funding Government Funding* * Private Company Funding Other (it would be ideal if you determine) Please know that understudies must fulfill certain money related prerequisites as a major aspect of their visa application for concentrate in the LIKE and understudies ought not be exclusively depending on getting a grant to meet these. * *Students getting full Government subsidizing and additionally full grant from some other source won't be qualified for a grant. Advertising Public Relations Successful candidates consent to permit Cardiff University and any applicable outside grant offices to utilize the data gathered for showcasing exercises, for example, distributions, sites, enlistment exercises or potentially grant special exercises. Fruitful candidates likewise consent to go to any prize-giving occasions as fitting and go about as a represetative for Cardiff college consistently.

Art of the Ancient and Medieval World - 2200 Words

Art of the Ancient and Medieval World (Essay Sample) Content: Name Instructor Course Date Art of the Ancient and Medieval World Medieval art comprises a vast array of genres of art that were dominant during the medieval times. Most of the medieval art is from Europe, but there are also traces of similar artistic developments in the same period in Asia and North Africa (Benton 23). The medieval period saw art develop through different times or movements as a result of various influences that inspired the artists of the time. Therefore, historians often find it difficult to categorize and classify medieval art into one blanket term due to the varied nature of the art products during the medieval times. Nevertheless, medieval art is understood to cover many art movements including Early Christian art, Migration Period art, insular art, Byzantine art, Romanesque art, Pre-Romanesque, and Gothic art (Benton 26). Besides, each region in Europe that had undergone significant civilization had developed its forms of art that were distinguishable from genres of art from other areas. For instance, there were significant differences between Anglo-Saxon art and Norse art. Moreover, medieval art was also produced across many different media including sculpture, metalwork, stained glass, and illuminated manuscripts (Benton 28). Most of these varied forms of art media survived from ancient times to date and are stored in some of the world's leading art galleries and exhibition centers. There are several characteristics and qualities that distinguish medieval art from other forms of art developed in different periods. For example, medieval art is mostly noted for its use of vivid color. Different colors were used to imply different emotions through art. Also, art in the medieval times was also notable for its portrayal of the main figure in an artwork. The main figures of focus always stood out from the rest of items in a drawing or painting. They appear to be bigger that other items on the image. Also, medieval art was mainly created for use in churches and religious institutions. As such, art was mainly viewed as a way of promoting God's glory rather than for any secular purposes. Therefore, most of the art produced in this period covers religious themes such as showing the Holy Family, early saints, and church buildings (Benton 33). Also, some paintings and sculptures also showed scenes of war to reflect some of the political developments between different commun ities in ancient times. A majority of the artists during the medieval times were priests and monks from different monasteries. Therefore, art was n mostly considered to be a gift from God, which ad to be used for the glorification of God and promote godly things. Nevertheless, one striking quality that distinguished medieval art from other forms of genres of art is the relationship between art and wealth and power. Wealth and power represent some of the factors that influence classism and social interaction in then society. Wealthy individuals and those with the greatest power or authority often make up the elitist classes in the society, which stand out as the most sophisticated social groups. On the other hand, the poor and the less powerful comprise of the majority of the populations (Benton 38). The manner in which the wealth people perceive art is very different from the exception of the poor and the less powerful. As such, wealth and power have so much influence on the development of art in the medieval or the ancient period. Consequently, the rich and the most influential people in the society wielded more and authority towards the development of art in terms of dictating the style and content of paintings and drawings produced (Nees 3 9). The impact of wealth and power on the development of medieval art can be understood from various perspectives as discussed in the sections below. The first aspect when examining the relationship between art and wealth or power in the medieval times is commissioning. Commissioning refers to a process where a wealthy person in the society initiates a process of developing art by offering the artist an idea of the painting, drawing or sculpture and paying for it. The individuals ordering for artworks to be developed are known as patrons. The patrons were particularly influential in the development of medieval artworks because they owned the art galleries and exhibition centers as well as owning certain pieces of art in their homes and premises (Benton 41). During the commissioning process, the artists would get into an agreement with the patron over the development of the artwork. For example, the contractual agreement would stipulate issues such as the nature of the artwork, the materials that would be used, the subject or content of the art piece, the payment terms, and the duration that it would take to complete the work. This implies that in the medieval times, the individuals who owned artworks were only the wealthy and powerful people. As such, wealth and power influenced the relationship between artists and the patrons. For instance, artistic freedom was greatly inhibited in the ancient times because the artists were only limited to following the instructions of their patrons. On some circumstances, the patrons asked to be included in the paintings (Nees 44). In this case, the patrons would be referred to as the donors. This also explains why most of the ancient images and paintings contain both religious figures such as saints and the Holy family and other noblemen in the society at the time. Nevertheless, besides limiting the freedom of the artists, commissioning was a very good way of acknowledging and appreciating the works of different artists. The most skilled artists earned a lot of money of her at skills through commissioning. For example, artists would not have to worry about making drawi ngs and paintings that would not be bought by the public as they were paid for each of their art pieces by their patrons. Therefore, the artists were effectively rewarded for their efforts in creating and developing art. Secondly, the relationship between art and wealth or power can also be comprehended through evaluating the status of the artist in the society during the medieval and ancient times. In the middle ages, artists were considered as skilled laborers or individuals who worked with their hands to offer their professional services. As such, they were mostly referred to as craftsmen of artisans, hence, occupying a lesser social position in comparison with other professionals such as the philosophers, thinkers, and innovators (Nees 39). It is appalling how the position or place of the artists in the society was viewed as less important yet their work was appreciated and followed after by the wealthy and the most powerful individuals. For the most of the medieval period, artists fiercely fought against this perception by demanding to be recognized as highly skilled individuals alongside innovators and thinkers. However, it wasn't until the Renaissance that the status of the artists I the socie ty changed with artists such as Pablo Picasso becoming icons in the society. In this regard, wealth and power determined how people viewed artists in the society. The wealth looked down upon artists while they valued the products of the artists themselves. This is because the artistry was viewed as an inherent trait rather than a valuable skill that was taught in schools. Most artists acquired the art by learning through apprenticeship (Nees 52). On the other hand, the wealthy people acquired their wealth and power after lots of hard work and going through the education system at the time to get the sophistication associated with their class. Thirdly, production of art was very expensive during the middle ages. Production of quality artwork often took a lot of resources and time. Consequently, the resulting art pieces were also very expensive. As such, the many artists could not even sustain their profession and had to rely on the wealth citizens in order to practice their art. This is because most of the artists were poor people in the society who did not have enough resources to develop high-quality pieces of art (Sekules 48). Production of quality art products entailed acquiring expensive colors and other materials that were owned by some of the wealthiest people in the society at the time. Therefore, artists had to rely on their patrons to be able to produce quality products. More often, artists would love in seclusion for long periods while developing their artworks. Furthermore, some of the best arts were developed after longer periods of time depending on the availability of the resources required as well as the in spiration of the artist. Therefore, wealth and power were very influential in determining the direction of art in the society during the medieval times. Conversely, wealth and power also had an influence on assessing the value of art products in the ancient times. For example, most of the valuable art pieces at the time incorporated valuable materials such as gold and silver. Furthermore, creating the colors to complement these materials was a very challenging and expensive process. For instance, creating a blue color involved extracting some components from the Lapis Lazuli, a very rare and precious stone (Binski, George, William 57). Therefore, art items that had such colors and expensive materials were considered more valuable in comparison to products that used cheaper materials. These expensive materials were either incorporated in the artwork to reflect the wealth of the patron commissioning the artwork or for religious devotions. Nevertheless, the concept of the value of art was very different. The value of art was mainly determined by the materials used in the production of the artwork rather than on the technique and skill that was used to develop the art. This is a complete contrast to the contemporary situation where ...

What Is a Chemical Symbol Definition and Examples

Element names and other words in chemistry may be long and cumbersome to use. For this reason, IUPAC chemical symbols and other shorthand notation are commonly used. Chemical Symbol Definition A chemical symbol is a notation of one or two letters representing a chemical element. The exceptions to the one- to two-letter symbol are the temporary element symbols assigned to designate new or to-be-synthesized elements. Temporary element symbols are three letters that are based on the elements atomic number. Also Known As: element symbol Examples of Element Symbols Certain rules apply to element symbols. The first letter is always capitalized, while the second (and third, for unverified elements) is lowercase. H is the chemical symbol for hydrogen.C is the chemical symbol for carbon.Si is the chemical symbol for silicon.Uno was the element symbol for hassium. Uno stands for unniloctium or element 108. Chemical symbols are found on the periodic table and are used when writing chemical formulas and equations. Other Chemical Symbols While the term chemical symbol usually refers to an element symbol, there are other symbols used in chemistry. For example, EtOH is a symbol for ethyl alcohol, Me indicates a methyl group, and Ala is the symbol for the amino acid alanine. Pictographs are often used to represent specific hazards in chemistry as another form of chemical symbol. For example, a circle with fire above it indicates an oxidizer. Sources Fontani, Marco; Costa, Mariagrazia; Orna, Mary Virginia (2014). The Lost Elements: The Periodic Tables Shadow Side. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199383344.Leal, Joà £o P. (2013). The Forgotten Names of Chemical Elements. Foundations of Science. 19: 175–183. doi:10.1007/s10699-013-9326-y

Mcquails Communications Theory - 2103 Words

In the theoretical field of communication studies, the works are often heavily influenced and led by Western-oriented perspectives. In this essay, we shall explore the various media texts in Singapore and analyze the extent to which it relates to McQuail’s communication theory. Comparing the influence of mass media to the early century, McQuail D. (2002) associates the first concept of communication to the ‘teachings’ and guidance towards the masses through propaganda. This transmission perception is communication at its simplest level. In this model, the major concern is to dispatch the message regardless of the receiver having reached an understanding with the source and hence omitting feedback. For example, it is evident in the†¦show more content†¦Taking the previous example of Wendy’s blog, her entries often do not fall into the good tastes of the public. As mentioned, her weblog usually covers controversial issues such as weak women, phone sex and racist topics. Recently, she was once again featured on a local newspaper for her alleged defamation of another local blogger. The feud reached a boiling point when Wendy accused her of undergoing plastic surgery and as a result, she was threatened with a lawsuit (Yong, D., 2008) . This illustrates the key point of the display model as even though she may not hold the best reputation in the eyes of the public, she have achieve her main purpose of attracting potential readers to her blog. In this case, she was given a free publicity pass â€Å"at no cost†. Although it is notable that audience is sensitive to the quality of media content, in particular, the upholding of certain norms and values present in the local community such as morality and sensitivity, it is in human nature to give in to curiosity (McQuail D., 1997). Finally, we have arrived at the last concept of McQuail’s communication theory, the reception model. This concept places a strong emphasis on the role of the receiver, and thus the readers, in the interpretation of media texts (McQuail D., 1997). It is slightly more critical than the previous models as it permits the audience with the power to resist andShow MoreRelatedMcquails Communications Theory2095 Words   |  9 Pagesfield of communication studies, the works are often heavily influenced and led by Western-oriented perspectives. In this essay, we shall explore the various media texts in Singapore and analyze the extent to which it relates to McQuail’s communication theory. Comparing the influence of mass media to the early century, McQuail D. (2002) associates the first concept of communication to the ‘teachings’ and guidance towards the masses through propaganda. This transmission perception is communication at itsRead MoreAn Analysis of How Mass Media Affects the Youth950 Words   |  4 Pagespoint made use of the different forms of the media. They have used the media to promote what people should wear, eat, do and even value. The effects of media will vary with a child’s age and stage of development. (McQuail, D., 2008. McQuail’s Mass Communication Theory. 5th ed. London: SAGE Publications Ltd) Another positive side of mass media is that it keep the people updated with the happenings in the world, the internet brings so much knowledge at our disposal, television entertains us, thereRead MoreCommunication Models1962 Words   |  8 PagesThe purpose of this essay is to discuss Denis McQuail’s four concepts of communication in contemporary Western culture. It will be discussed in this essay how each media form exhibits a communication model and to what extent that it does so. It will also be discussed whether each of these models are independent or correlated. For each communication model, a different media form will be used to explain how it is being manifested. Television broadcasting will be used to explain the transmission modelRead MoreModern Bollywood, A Decade Old: Bollywood and the Colonial Censorship3158 Words   |  13 Pageson Hindi Cinema. Applying the key features from Dennis McQuail’s â€Å"Normative Theory†, the relationship between Bolly wood and the audience, controlled by the censorship board will be explained; and how both, the Bollywood industry and Censor Board are responsible for bringing changes to each other in the terms of rules, regulations, audience’s attitudes and their demands, in every period of time. According to McQuail (2010), a normative theory is adopted to clear the confusion prevailing in the informationRead MoreUniversal Studios Distribution of Despicable Me 2 Essay examples752 Words   |  4 PagesMass Communication in the Marketplace: Despicable Me 2 Despicable Me 2, an animated film distributed by Universal Studios and Illumination Entertainment in July of 2013 grossed $970,065,385 world-wide (BoxOffice, 2014). The film was a success for its distributors and was nominated for an Academy Award in 2014 for Best Animated Feature Film. Chris Meledandri, who is the president and CEO of Illumination Entertainment, has an exclusive working agreement with Universal Studios and does the productionRead MoreAnalysis on Digital Media Participation: How Fans Interact Online719 Words   |  3 Pagesworldwide. This documentary film aims to change the perspective people have on fans that they are cheap, desperate, and low class. With this interactivity and digitalization come a new form of community that sprouted from the computer-mediated communication (CMC) (McQuail 150-51), the virtual community. According to McQuail, this virtual community â€Å"can be formed by any number of individuals by way of the Internet at their own choice† (150) and â€Å"usually based on some common interest† (150). Fan clubsRead MoreMedia Bias on Women’s Issues700 Words   |  3 Pagescritical to their wellbeing. Works Cited Hollar, J. (2004). Muting the women’s march: Media lose focus when women protest in Washington. Retrieved from fair.org/extra-online-articles/muting-the-womens-march/ McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail’s mass communication theory (6th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publishing, Inc. O’Neill, T. (2013). Sexist, racist attitudes entrenched in society erode women’s dignity, humanity and safety. Retrieved from now.org/issues/media/031413sexistracistculture.html SchnallRead MoreEssay on Effects of Mass Media on Society1650 Words   |  7 Pagescomplex system ‘in which individuals were socially isolated.’ (DeFleur Ball-Rokeach, 1989, p.159) Therefore, individuals are vulnerable to the influence of mass media. In the first decade of 20th century, ‘public was alarmed about new forms of communication such as daily newspapers, moving pictures and radio broadcasts.’ (DeFleur Ball-Rokeach, 1989, p.147) Nowadays, the dispute of media effect has never stopped. Many people believe that the media have influence upon people’s social life. ObviouslyRead MoreMedia Studies1668 Words   |  7 Pagestheorists see the role of the mass media as a means of maintaining the existing state of affairs, while the liberal pluralists see the role of the mass media as a means to promote the freedom of speech. The following essay will look more closely into the theories of these two schools with regards to how they see the role of the media in society, and offer some examples related to media in South Africa and globally. According to the Marxist approach, capitalist society is seen as one of class authority;Read MoreGlobal Media1711 Words   |  7 Pagesglobalisation is highly controversial and needs to be analysed in depth. In history, three theories have been used by scholars to look at globalisation and its effect. The modernisation theory and cultural dependency theory analysed the positive and negative influences of homogenisation as a result of globalisation. Heterogenisation, as the opposite side of homogenisation, is emphasised in the cultural pluralism theory as the other significant influence of globalisation. Therefore, this essay will aim to

E-commerce at Woolworths

Question: Discuss about theE-commerce at Woolworths. Answer: Introduction E-commerce by definition is the process of conducting commercial transactions over the internet. In simpler terms it is trading on the internet. E-commerce has seen significant growth since the internet helped business reach a new sense of globalization (Andam 2014). Almost all companies today buy and sell products off the internet and have a wide customer base. Woolworths is one such company that had made an excellent stand in the world of e-commerce. The below report is an analysis of various e-commerce applications and strategies used by the company to grow in the online market. About the Company Established in 1924, Woolworths is one of the oldest and the largest chain of supermarkets that operate in Australia and New Zealand. The company supplies food product, liquor and other general merchandise and have an operative e-commerce website for their daily trade operations. According to the financial reports of the company, the company has made AU$ 1.2 billion sales in the year 2014 alone which is clearly an indication of the size of their business, the customer base and the efficiency of their e-commerce strategy. E-Business Applications The company has made tremendous effort to ease the use of their e-commerce platform. The website and the mobile application have been revamped at several stages to enhance customer experience. To have a store like feel, the platforms are filled with images aiding visual search capabilities and have an enhanced search functionality to find appropriate products within seconds. The categories of each product are clearly defined and easy to navigate. Since the customers generally look for product information, price information first and then ways to compare these products. The company provides clear images of the products and presents the price during the selection of the product making this an easy task. The website also provides the facilities to create lists so the customer may not pick items every single time but can rather order things of the pre stored list making purchase time and search time significantly low. Document Automation The company makes use of a document automation system. This system on adding products to the cart, automatically creates a sales order. This order is sent to the store to pick the products and based on the availability of products a delivery note is generated. Based out of the same the invoice is sent over to the customer and payments are adjusted. Payment Systems The company makes use of the EDI technology for payment transfers. The website is connected to the banks via an Electronic Data Interchange. Wowlink is the interface on the side of the company and is a business to business EDI gateway provided by accredited third party Value Added Network Providers (VANS) (Rodriguez, 2014). Payments are made via payment gateways for credit and debit card payments, where encrypted card data is used to a payment processor that is used by the companys bank (Kou, 2013). This is then forwarded to the issuing bank to check for available amounts. Once the amount is authorized the payment is received by the acquiring bank making the entire process simple and quick. The company also provides a wallet facility. GS1 Net GS1 net provides the facility to identify trade items uniquely in a supply chain. These numbers are integrated with data carriers that facilitate the e-commerce process and product synchronization (power, 2015). The technology is used to store product data in a central pool and would maintain, validate and update this data to provide accurate inputs to all the customers. It enables customers to choose products and submit request for purchase and also provides information in regard to the status of the request, thereby eradicating several manual forms. Member Portal The member portal of Woolworths uses applications developed by Elcom. The technology is used to validate the membership number with the database of the company to authenticate user to access the portal. The partner organizations are setup as groups for simpler and controlled access. Email marketing is done to these members by automating the email system that send out promotional details to all the registered members. Strategies Every company develops efficient strategies to enhance the functioning of each of its department. Some of the strategies used by Woolworths are mentioned below Marketing Strategy The company is currently exploring several social media sites making them an efficient marketing venue. The company has commendable presence on Instagram, Facebook and twitter. Sales and promotions are announced time to time on social media attracting customers of all ages (Mata, 2014). The company has a loyalty program in place that gives back to the customer. Loyalty programs work as a strong marketing strategy when commendable rewards are provided to the consumers. The company also sends out regular emails to keep the customers updated with the new products and promotions available. The company provides recipe based ingredients list making it easier to the customer to locate products. The company is here by promoting the regularly used products by the customers (Boone, 2013). The company also highlights the products that are on sale helping the customer choose these products and the visuals are very big and the price is highlighted. The company also tags products as special to emp hasize products that are different or rarely available. Supply Chain Strategy Woolworths has being in the market close to a century now and hence have a superior supply chain in place already. The company has recently migrated to Trade Stones Merchandise Lifecycle Management platform to enhance their supply chain creating an efficient system from the suppliers to the customers (PYMNTS, 2015). This system includes the both orders and supplies, B2B activities and related services. The business documents of the company are handled by SPS commerce who ensure that all the e-commerce documents generated comply with the business standards (SAS Commerce, 2016). They handle a hundred thousand documents a month. The company in collaboration with SPS commerce ensure that the data sent around to the various partners in the supply chain and accurate and efficient. Woolworths also implements SAP technology to handle delivery, inventory and warehousing of the company. SAP provides a grid system for inventory management and has the ability to integrate with other systems that use a different technology to pick order details and keep take of the same. Security Strategy Almost all the e-commerce website implement several strategies to ensure safe data transfer. Some of the key technologies used are Secure Socket Locket that provides integrity and non-reputability, Secure Hyper Text Transfer protocol that comes with a public encryption key, digital signatures and authentication. Secure electronic transactions are used for the purpose of wallet software. The payment gateway technology itself comes with built in security to ensure that the payment details are not corrupted or leaked. A highly efficient data encryption code is used to ensure that the details are secured and can be accessed only by the authorized parties. Electronic Data Interchange is also done through a predefined encryption set. Recommendations Below are some of the recommendations that can help Woolworths provide a superior customer experience. The website has a high responsive time when compared to other online sites. This need to be enhanced by decreasing the size of the content and using faster servers (Strauss, 2016). The images are used to provide a customer like experience however, they make the initial page clumsy. Smaller and clear images need to be used in the first page at least (Mohapatra, 2013). Instagram is a highly populated application with a lot of potential customers. Advertising through the new marketing feature developed by Instagram can help Woolworths sustain customers The company can study the buying patterns of the customer and send out a customized grocery list to the customer in the month to let the customer know that they are being valued and making purchasing an easy task (Sila. 2013). Products that are identified as profitable but are not easily purchased can be put up in a recommendations section under the regularly purchased products to gain more visibility (Yin, 2014) References Andam, Z.R., 2014. e-Commerce and e-Business. Boone, L.E. and Kurtz, D.L., 2013. Contemporary marketing. Cengage learning. Kou, W. ed., 2013. Payment technologies for e-commerce. Springer Science Business Media. Mata, F.J. and Quesada, A., 2014. Web 2.0, social networks and e-commerce as marketing tools. Journal of theoretical and applied electronic commerce research, 9(1), pp.56-69. Mohapatra, S., 2013. E-commerce Strategy. In E-Commerce Strategy (pp. 155-171). Springer US. Power, D. and Gruner, R.L., 2015. Exploring reduced global standards-based inter-organisational information technology adoption. International Journal of Operations Production Management, 35(11), pp.1488-1511. PYMNTS., 2015, Australias Woolworths chooses supply chain management platform. Available at: https://www.pymnts.com/news/b2b-payments/2015/australias-woolworths-choose-supply-chain-management-platform/ (Accessed: 9 September 2016). Rodriguez, H., Smith, N.J. and Spinac, C.J., Toshiba Global Commerce Solutions Holding Corporation, 2014. E-check and e-commerce. U.S. Patent 8,645,241. SAS Commerce.,2016, Case study: Woolworths limited | SPS commerce Australia. Available at: https://spscommerce.com.au/resources/case-studies/case-study-woolworths-limited-australia/ (Accessed: 9 September 2016). Sila, I., 2013. Factors affecting the adoption of B2B e-commerce technologies. Electronic Commerce Research, 13(2), pp.199-236. Strauss, J., 2016. E-marketing. Routledge. Yin, M. and Liu, S., 2014. Comparative Study of Traditional Network Marketing and E-Commerce Marketing Based on Cloud Computing. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 2014.

Sigmund Freud Theory free essay sample

This socialisation takes place through parents’ rewarding good behaviour and punishing bad behaviour. However, the parents are not always â€Å"in control† of their own feelings. Sometimes they allow their own feelings of frustration and disappointment show (based in their feelings of inadequacy formed because of perceived pressures from other parents). The parent rewards the child for behaviour that is â€Å"approved†. Displays of anger or even violence demonstrate the parent’s disappointment. The child enjoys the warm feeling of satisfaction. The child feels guilt and shame at â€Å"letting its parent down†.These feelings of shame and guilt become established in the psyche as the conscience. 2 Conscience Freud The Conscience at Work A person brought up in a strictly Christian family can experience powerful feelings of guilt if (or when! ) they begin to reject some of the values that they have been brought up to hold. Peter was brought up in a strongly Presbyterian family. We will write a custom essay sample on Sigmund Freud Theory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When he was a child, he attended Church twice every Sunday.  § The minister’s sermons would be delivered in powerful tones – the theme would usually be the punishment in hell waiting for the unrighteous. He would be made to wear his uncomfortable â€Å"Sunday Best† – there would be no Television, or toys or games. The day was spent in silent contemplation, Bible study or discussion groups.  § Many topics were â€Å"taboo† – particularly sex. Alcohol was banned. The women in the Church dressed modestly, and expected their daughters to dress the same. When Peter leaves home, and begins to experience aspects of the World previously forbidden to him, he may feel a certain guilt. For example, Peter’s first experience of alcohol may not simply leave him with a powerful hangover.He may also feel guilt. This feeling of guilt may (or may not) affect his decision making in future encounters with the demon drink.  § These guilt feelings will be particularly powerful when linked to sexuality.  § In particular, homosexuality, masturbation and sex outside of the marriage bond would give rise to guilt feelings. The Christian Church appears to have behaved in such a way as to support Freud’s theory. St Augustine and St Paul are accused of establishing a climate of sexual repression through their teachings about sexuality:  §  §St Paul writes at length about the correct setting for a sexual relationship – in particular he argues that marriage can be used as a safety valve for the sex-drive. St Augustine provides a clearer example of the way that guilt can lead to a puritanical view of sex. St Augustine’s mother was a devout Christian. Augustine grew to resent her views, and as he grew he began to â€Å"experiment† with life. During his early years, he joined a sect (almost like joining a cult today). He travelled to Milan to study rhetoric, and took a lover (she later gave birth to a Son by him). However, he began to feel increasingly uncomfortable about his hedonistic lifestyle. He began to look for less physical answers to his feelings, and at a particularly low moment had a conversion experience. On his return to North Africa he was (forcibly) ordained Bishop of Hippo, and he began writing some of the most influential works in Christian literature. 3 Conscience Freud With reference to sexual intercourse, Augustine is quoted as saying â€Å"men should go to their task with reluctance†. Augustine also argued that the best relationship within a marriage was one of celibacy.His teachings affected Christian attitudes to sexuality.  § This has led to a repression of sexuality within Christianity – the Church appeared to consider sexuality to be innately sinful. Freud argues that this disapproval of sexuality has caused the repression of feelings of shame, leading to neurotic behaviour. The guilt felt by a person causes them to behave in a certain way. Does this mean that there is no place for God in Freud’s view of the Conscience? Freud’s argument is based on the idea that the Conscience is manufactured from experiences and conditioning.Aquinas and Butler argue for a more God-given conscience. There has not been a satisfactory attempt to explain how Freud’s version of the conscience can have God as its source – the best would appear to be that God provided the structure in which the conscience develops. Modern developments in Freud’s theory. Psychology now argues for a two-level conscience. The ego forms a more mature The super-ego forms an conscience. It seeks to achieve under-developed conscience. a form of self-identity based on This is based on the mass of value and worth. The ego tries experiences of shame and guilt. o develop a â€Å"world-view† for The super-ego causes the the person which informs his person to behave like a child – direction through life. seeking approval, or obeying rules without question. It is possible to reintroduce the role of God into the development of the conscience. The mature conscience seeks to establish self-identity based on ideas of value. Many philosophers have argued that the highest value is that of the greatest good (the Summum Bonum). Some even identify God with the highest good – it could therefore be argued that as the mature conscience is striving for the highest good. 4